57 languages
Afrikaans (Afrikaans)
Albanian (Shqip)
Angika (अंगिका)
Arabic (العربية)
Armenian (հայերեն)
Basque (Euskara)
Belarusian (Беларуская)
Bengali (বাংলা)
Bhojpuri (भोजपुरी)
Bulgarian (Български)
Catalan (Català)
Chinese (中文)
Croatian (Hrvatski)
Czech (Čeština)
Danish (Dansk)
Dutch (Nederlands)
English (English)
Esperanto (Esperanto)
Estonian (Eesti)
Finnish (Suomi)
French (Français)
Galician (Galego)
Georgian (ქართული)
German (Deutsch)
Greek (Ελληνικά)
Hindi (हिन्दी)
Hungarian (Magyar)
Indonesian (Bahasa Ind)
Irish (Gaeilge)
Italian (Italiano)
Japanese (日本語)
Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ)
Kazakh (Қазақ тілі)
Latvian (Latviešu)
Lithuanian (lietuvių)
Macedonian (македонски)
Malayalam (മലയാളം)
Marathi (मराठी)
Norwegian (Norsk)
Polish (Polski)
Portuguese (Português)
Punjabi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ)
Romanian (Româna)
Russian (Pусский)
Sanskrit (Saṃskṛtam)
Serbian (Српски)
Sinhala (සිංහල)
Slovak (Slovenský)
Slovenian (Slovenski)
Spanish (Español)
Swedish (Svenska)
Tamil (தமிழ்)
Telugu (తెలుగు)
Turkish (Türkçe)
Ukrainian (Yкраї́нська)
Uzbek (oʻzbek)
Vietnamese (tiếng Việt)
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SIGNS
AUXILIARIES
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8
LANGUAGE. LINGUISTICS. LITERATURE
80
General questions relating to both linguistics and literature. Philology
801
Prosody. Auxiliary sciences and sources of philology
801.6
Prosody: metre, rhythm, rhyme and verse pattern
801.7
Auxiliary sciences and studies of philology
801.8
Sources of linguistics and philology. Collections of texts
808
Rhetoric. The effective use of language
808.1
Authorship. Literary activity and technique
808.2
Editing. Adapting and arranging copy for publication
808.5
Rhetoric of speech. Art or technique of oral expression
81
Linguistics and languages
81-11
Schools and trends in linguistics
81-112
Diachronic linguistics (historical linguistics)
81-114
Synchronic linguistics (static linguistics)
81-116
Structuralism. Structural linguistics
81-13
Methodology of linguistics. Methods and means
81`01/`08
Special auxiliary numbers for origins and periods of languages
81`01
Old period. Archaic period
81`02
Classical period
81`04
Middle period
81`06
Modern period
81`08
Revived language
81`1/`4
Special auxiliary subdivision for subject fields and facets of linguistics and languages
81`1
General linguistics
81`2
Theory of signs. Theory of translation. Standardization. Usage. Geographical linguistics
81`22
General theory of signs in relation to linguistics. Semiology. Semiotics
81`23
Psycholinguistics. Psychology of language
81`24
Practical knowledge of languages
81`25
Theory of translation
81`26
Language planning. Control of language. Standardization of language
81`27
Sociolinguistics. Usage of language
81`28
Dialectology. Geographical linguistics. Areal linguistics
81`3
Mathematical and applied linguistics. Phonetics. Graphemics. Grammar. Semantics. Stylistics
81`32
Mathematical linguistics
81`33
Applied linguistics
81`34
Phonetics. Phonology
81`35
Graphemics. Orthography. Spelling
81`36
Grammar
81`37
Semantics
81`38
General stylistics
81`4
Text linguistics, Discourse analysis. Typological linguistics
81`42
Text linguistics. Discourse analysis
81`44
Typological linguistics
811
Languages
811.1/.9
All languages natural or artificial
811.1/.8
Individual natural languages
811.1/.2
Indo-European languages
811.11
Germanic languages
811.111
English language
811.112
West Germanic languages (other than English)
811.112.2
German language (High German, Standard written German)
811.112.5
Dutch language
811.113
North Germanic (Nordic) languages
811.113.4
Danish language
811.113.5
Norwegian language
811.113.6
Swedish language
811.12
Italic languages
811.124
Latin language
811.13
Romance / Romanic languages
811.131
Italo-Romance / Italo-Romanic languages
811.131.1
Italian language
811.133
Gallo-Romance / Gallo-Romanic languages
811.133.1
French language
811.134
Ibero-Romance / Ibero-Romanic languages
811.134.1
Catalan language
811.134.2
Spanish language
811.134.3
Portuguese language
811.135
Balkan Romance / Balkan Romanic languages
811.135.1
Romanian language
811.14
Greek (Hellenic) language
811.16
Slavic / Slavonic languages
811.161
East Slavic / Slavonic languages
811.161.1
Russian language
811.161.2
Ukrainian language
811.161.3
Belarusian language
811.162
West Slavic / Slavonic languages
811.162.1
Polish language
811.162.3
Czech language
811.162.4
Slovak language
811.163
South Slavic / Slavonic languages
811.163.2
Bulgarian language
811.163.3
Macedonian language
811.163.4
Serbian and Croatian languages
811.163.41
Serbian language
811.163.42
Croatian language
811.163.6
Slovenian / Slovene language
811.17
Baltic languages
811.172
Lithuanian language
811.174
Latvian / Lettish language
811.18
Albanian language
811.19
Armenian language
811.21/.22
Indo-Iranian languages
811.21
Indic languages
811.214
Modern Indic languages
811.214.2
Central Modern Indic languages
811.214.21
Hindi language
811.214.3
Eastern Modern Indic languages
811.214.32
Bengali (Bangla) language
811.3
Dead languages of unknown affiliation. Caucasian languages
811.34
Dead languages of unknown affiliation, spoken in the Mediterranean and Near East (except Semitic)
811.35
Caucasian languages
811.353
Southern (Kartvelian) group
811.353.1
Georgian language
811.4
Afro-Asiatic, Nilo-Saharan, Congo-Kordofanian, Khoisan languages
811.5
Ural-Altaic, Palaeo-Siberian, Eskimo-Aleut, Dravidian and Sino-Tibetan languages. Japanese. Korean. Ainu
811.51
Ural-Altaic languages
811.511
Uralic languages
811.511.1
Finno-Ugric languages
811.511.11
Finnic languages
811.511.111
Finnish language
811.511.113
Estonian language
811.511.14
Ugric languages
811.511.141
Hungarian language
811.521
Japanese language
811.58
Sino-Tibetan languages
811.581
Chinese languages
811.6
Austro-Asiatic languages. Austronesian languages
811.7
Indo-Pacific (non-Austronesian) languages. Australian languages
811.8
American indigenous languages
811.9
Artificial languages
811.92
Artificial languages for use among human beings. International auxiliary languages (interlanguages)
811.922
Esperanto language
82
Literature
82-1/-9
Special auxiliary subdivision for literary forms, genres
82-1
Poetry. Poems. Verse
82-2
Drama. Plays
82-3
Fiction. Prose narrative
82-31
Novels. Full-length stories
82-32
Short stories. Novellas
82-4
Essays
82-5
Oratory. Speeches
82-6
Letters. Art of letter-writing. Correspondence. Genuine letters. Other works in epistolary form
82-7
Prose satire. Humour, epigram, parody etc.
82-8
Miscellanea. Polygraphies. Selections
82-9
Various other literary forms
82-92
Periodical literature. Writings in serials, journals, reviews. Journalism. Occasional literature. Polemic, political writings. Pamphleteering
82-94
History as literary genre. Historical writing. Historiography. Chronicles. Annals. Memoirs. Journals. Diaries. Biography. Autobiography
82.02/.09
Special auxiliary subdivision for theory, study and technique of literature
82.02
Literary schools, trends and movements
82.09
Literary criticism. Literary studies
82.091
Comparative literary studies. Comparative literature
821
Literatures of individual languages and language families
821.1/.2
Indo-European literature
821.11
Literature of Germanic languages
821.111
English literature
821.112
West Germanic literatures (other than English)
821.112.2
German literature
821.112.5
Dutch literature
821.113
North Germanic, Nordic (Scandinavian) literatures
821.113.4
Danish literature
821.113.5
Norwegian literature
821.113.6
Swedish literature
821.12
Literature of Italic languages
821.124
Latin literature
821.13
Literature of Romance (Romanic) languages
821.131
Literature of Italo-Romance / Italo-Romanic languages
821.131.1
Italian literature
821.133
Literature of Gallo-Romance / Gallo-Romanic languages
821.133.1
French literature
821.134
Literature of Ibero-Romance / Ibero-Romanic) languages
821.134.1
Catalan literature
821.134.2
Spanish literature
821.134.3
Portuguese literature
821.135
Literature of Balkan Romance / Romanic languages
821.135.1
Romanian literature
821.14
Greek (Hellenic) literature
821.16
Literature of Slavic (Slavonic) languages
821.161
East Slavic / Slavonic literature
821.161.1
Russian literature
821.161.2
Ukrainian literature
821.161.3
Belarusian literature
821.162
West Slavic / Slavonic literatures
821.162.1
Polish literature
821.162.3
Czech literature
821.162.4
Slovakian literature
821.163
South Slavic / Slavonic literatures
821.163.2
Bulgarian literature
821.163.3
Macedonian literature
821.163.4
Serbian literature. Croatian literature
821.163.41
Serbian literature
821.163.42
Croatian literature
821.163.6
Slovenian literature
821.17
Literature of Baltic languages
821.172
Lithuanian literature
821.174
Latvian literature
821.18
Albanian literature
821.19
Armenian literature
821.21/.22
Literature of Indo-Iranian languages
821.21
Indic literatures
821.214
Literature of modern Indic languages
821.214.21
Hindi literature
821.214.32
Bengali (Bangla) literature
821.3
Literature of Caucasian languages. Literature of dead languages of unknown affiliation
821.353
South Caucasian (Kartvelian) literature
821.353.1
Georgian literature
821.4
Literature of Afro-Asiatic, Nilo-Saharan, Congo-Kordofanian, Khoisan languages
821.5
Literature of Ural-Altaic, Japanese, Korean, Ainu, Palaeo-Siberian, Eskimo-Aleut, Dravidian languages, Sino-Tibetan languages
821.51
Literature of Ural-Altaic languages
821.511
Literature of Uralic languages
821.511.1
Literature of Finno-Ugric languages
821.511.11
Literature of Finnic languages
821.511.111
Finnish literature
821.511.113
Estonian literature
821.511.14
Literature of Ugric languages
821.511.141
Hungarian literature
821.521
Japanese literature
821.58
Literature of Sino-Tibetan languages
821.581
Chinese literature
821.6
Literature of Austro-Asiatic languages. Austronesian literature
821.7
Literature of Indo-Pacific (non-Austronesian) languages. Australian (Aboriginal) literature
821.8
Literature of American indigenous languages (Amerindian literatures)
821.9
Literature in artificial languages
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